IMPLEMENTASI KETERAMPILAM BERPIKIR KRITIS DALAM PERENCANAAN PEMBELAJARAN DI ERA PENDIDIKAN 4.0
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51878/educational.v4i4.3563Keywords:
berpikir kritis, perencanaan pembelajaranAbstract
Critical thinking skills are very important in the era of education 4.0 where students must be able to analyze information, evaluate arguments, and solve complex problems that occur in everyday life amidst the rapid flow of information available on social media which can be accessed easily. Critical thinking skills can be developed in learning which begins with preparing a learning plan. Good learning planning is very important to achieve educational goals, classroom management and evaluation, but not all teachers can implement critical thinking skills in learning planning, therefore this research aims to describe teachers' understanding of critical thinking skills and their implementation in preparing learning plans. This research design was descriptive qualitative, with eight teachers as subjects and thirty learning planning documents. The data collection techniques are in-depth interviews, observations and documents with document analysis and data triangulation. The results of the research show that teachers interpret critical thinking skills as when students are able to analyze information, students ask a lot of questions, can give answers fluently, can explain the teacher's questions well, answer questions in detail, students are active in discussions, can make conclusions and evaluate friends' answers. through reasonable arguments, questioning answers and the more intelligent students are, the more critical they are. The research results also illustrate that on average only 48.75% of teachers can implement critical thinking skills in learning planning, especially in learning objectives, models/methods and assessment.
ABSTRAK
Keterampilan berpikir kritis sangat penting dalam era pendidikan 4.0 di mana peserta didik harus mampu menganalisis informasi, mengevaluasi argumen, dan menyelesaikan masalah kompleks yang terjadi dalam kehidupan sehari-hari di tengah-tengah derasnya arus informasi yang tersedia di media sosial yang dapat diakses dengan mudah. Keterampilan berpikir kritis dapat dikembangkan dalam pembelajaran yang diawali dengan penyusunan rencana pembelajaran. Perencanaan pembelajaran yang baik sangat penting untuk mencapai tujuan pendidikan, pengelolaan kelas dan evaluasi, namun belum semua guru dapat mengimplementasikan keterampilan berpikir kritis dalam perencanaan pembelajaran, karena itu penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan pemahaman guru tentang keterampilan berpikir kritis dan implementasinya dalam penyusunan perencanaan pembelajaran. Rancangan penelitian ini deskriptif kualitatif, dengan subyek delapan orang guru dan tiga puluh dokumen perencanaan pembelajaran. Teknik pengumpulan datanya adalah wawancara mendalam, observasi dan dokumen dengan análisis dokumen dan trianggulasi data. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa guru memaknai keterampilan berpikir kritis adalah ketika siswa mampu menganalisis informasi, siswa banyak bertanya, dapat memberi jawaban dengan lancar, dapat menjelaskan pertanyaan guru dengan baik, menjawab soal dengan rinci, dalam diskusi siswa aktif, dapat membuat kesimpulan dan menilai jawaban teman melalui argumentasi yang masuk akal, mempertanyakan kembali jawaban dan semakin ceriwis siswa berarti siswa semakin kritis. Hasil penelitian juga menggambarkan bahwa rata-rata hanya 48,75% guru dapat mengimplementasikan keterampilan berpikir kritis dalam perencanaan pembelajaran terutama pada tujuan, model/métode dan penilaian pembelajaran.
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